{"id":1090,"date":"2011-08-30T11:10:09","date_gmt":"2011-08-30T10:10:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.solopress.com\/blog\/?p=1090"},"modified":"2020-08-11T10:38:54","modified_gmt":"2020-08-11T09:38:54","slug":"glosar-de-termeni-de-tiparire","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.solopress.com\/blog\/ro\/print-industry-news\/glossary-of-printing-terms\/","title":{"rendered":"Glosar de termeni de imprimare"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>


\nAici, la Solopress, cunoa\u0219tem industria tipografic\u0103 pe dinafar\u0103, dar suntem con\u0219tien\u021bi c\u0103 poate fi o lume confuz\u0103. Dac\u0103 nu deosebi\u021bi luciul de \u0219tan\u021bare sau crede\u021bi c\u0103 CMYK este o etichet\u0103 de designer, consulta\u021bi c\u00e2\u021biva dintre termenii cheie de tip\u0103rire \u00een sec\u021biunea noastr\u0103 util\u0103. glosar de termeni tipografici<\/strong>s de mai jos:<\/p>\n

\"Termeni<\/a><\/p>\n

A<\/strong>
\nA0 - Dimensiunea ISO a h\u00e2rtiei 1189mm x 841mm, utilizat\u0103 pentru postere \u0219i alte lucr\u0103ri de imprimare de format mare.
\nA1 - format de h\u00e2rtie ISO 841 mm x 594 mm, cel mai frecvent utilizat pentru afi\u0219e, pancarte \u0219i bannere.
\nA2 - h\u00e2rtie ISO de 594 mm x 420 mm, utilizat\u0103 pentru postere \u0219i pancarte.
\nA3 - Dimensiunea ISO a h\u00e2rtiei 420mm x 297mm, folosit\u0103 adesea pentru postere \u0219i pancarte.
\nA4 - format de h\u00e2rtie ISO de 297 mm x 210 mm, utilizat de obicei pentru antet, meniuri, pliante, flutura\u0219i, carnete \u0219i bro\u0219uri.
\nA5 - Dimensiunea ISO a h\u00e2rtiei 210 mm x 148 mm, utilizat\u0103 pentru pliante, flutura\u0219i, meniuri, bro\u0219uri, cupoane, vouchere \u0219i c\u0103r\u021bi po\u0219tale mai mari.
\nA6 - Dimensiunea ISO a h\u00e2rtiei de 148 mm x 105 mm, adesea folosit\u0103 pentru pliante, flutura\u0219i, cupoane, vouchere, c\u0103r\u021bi de \u00eent\u00e2lnire, c\u0103r\u021bi promo\u021bionale, c\u0103r\u021bi po\u0219tale \u0219i etichete swing
\nA7 - h\u00e2rtie ISO cu dimensiunea de 105 mm x 74 mm, utilizat\u0103 pentru pliante, flutura\u0219i, cupoane, tichete, cupoane, etichete \u0219i etichete.
\nA8 - Dimensiunea ISO a h\u00e2rtiei de 74 mm x 52 mm, utilizat\u0103 de obicei pentru pliante, flutura\u0219i, etichete, etichete, bonuri, cupoane \u0219i bilete.
\nA9 - Dimensiunea ISO a h\u00e2rtiei 52 mm x 37 mm, utilizat\u0103 pentru lucr\u0103ri tip\u0103rite mai mici, cum ar fi invita\u021bii \u0219i etichete.
\nA10 - format de h\u00e2rtie ISO 37mm x 26mm, adesea folosit pentru etichete.
\nAcrobat - Un program de calculator de la Adobe (a se vedea mai jos) care permite utilizatorilor s\u0103 vizualizeze un fi\u0219ier \u00een formatul \u0219i aspectul s\u0103u original.
\nAdobe - Companie american\u0103 de software pentru calculatoare responsabil\u0103 pentru o gam\u0103 de produse software multimedia \u0219i de creativitate, inclusiv Adobe Flash, Adobe InDesign \u0219i Adobe Photoshop.
\nLucrare - Copie original\u0103, inclusiv imagini, caractere, fotografii \u0219i ilustra\u021bii, destinat\u0103 tip\u0103ririi.<\/p>\n

B<\/strong>
\nBanding - Un mod de ambalare a materialelor tip\u0103rite folosind benzi de cauciuc.
\nBannere<\/a> - Un document tip\u0103rit de mari dimensiuni, care con\u021bine de obicei un slogan \u0219i detalii de afaceri pentru a fi afi\u0219at \u00eentr-un loc public sau la evenimente \u0219i expozi\u021bii.
\nImprimare la comand\u0103 - Imprimare personalizat\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de cerin\u021bele specifice ale clientului.
\nLeg\u0103tur\u0103 - O metod\u0103 folosit\u0103 pentru a lega h\u00e2rtiile \u00eempreun\u0103 pentru a forma un document.
\nBitmap - Pixeli genera\u021bi de calculator pentru a reprezenta text \u0219i imagini.
\nS\u00e2ngerare - Imprimare care se extinde p\u00e2n\u0103 la cap\u0103tul documentului sau al foii dup\u0103 t\u0103iere.
\nC\u0103r\u021bi de vizit\u0103<\/a> - Un mic document tip\u0103rit care con\u021bine informa\u021biile de contact ale unei persoane (de obicei, titlul postului, adresa, num\u0103rul de contact, site-ul web \u0219i re\u021belele de socializare) \u0219i care se \u00eenm\u00e2neaz\u0103 contactelor de afaceri.
\nBond - O categorie de h\u00e2rtie folosit\u0103 \u00een mod obi\u0219nuit pentru imprimare, considerat\u0103 pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103 ca fiind o h\u00e2rtie rezistent\u0103 \u0219i durabil\u0103.<\/p>\n

C<\/strong>
\nCMYK - O abreviere pentru cele patru culori de procesare: cyan, magenta, galben \u0219i cheie.
\nBuletine de complimente <\/a>- Un document sub\u021bire tip\u0103rit (dimensiunea standard este de 210 mm x 99 mm) care con\u021bine detalii de afaceri \u0219i este utilizat de obicei pentru a confirma primirea unui lucru.
\nDrept de autor - Proprietatea unui document de c\u0103tre persoana care l-a creat
\nH\u00e2rtie de copert\u0103 - H\u00e2rtie grea utilizat\u0103 pentru paginile exterioare ale unui document, cum ar fi o bro\u0219ur\u0103.
\nCrease - Linie f\u0103cut\u0103 \u00eentr-un document tip\u0103rit prin pliere.
\nCTP - \u00eenseamn\u0103 \"Computer To Plate\", o tehnologie de imagistic\u0103 prin care imaginile create pe o aplica\u021bie de editare de birou sunt procesate direct pe o plac\u0103 de imprimare.<\/p>\n

D<\/strong>
\nDeboss - Atunci c\u00e2nd o imagine este presat\u0103 astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 se afle sub suprafa\u021b\u0103 (opus la gofrare).
\nMatri\u021b\u0103 - Un dispozitiv utilizat pentru a t\u0103ia, marca, \u0219tampila, \u0219tan\u021ba \u0219i debossarea.
\nDie Cut - Pentru a t\u0103ia forme neregulate cu ajutorul unei matri\u021be
\nTip\u0103rire digital\u0103 - O metod\u0103 de tip\u0103rire prin care o imagine digital\u0103 (prin formate precum PDF) este imprimat\u0103 direct pe o varietate de materiale. Prin urmare, nu sunt necesare pl\u0103ci de imprimare.
\nFa\u021b\u0103-verso - Material care a fost tip\u0103rit pe ambele fe\u021be ale documentului (spre deosebire de o singur\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103).
\nDPI - Puncte pe inch p\u0103trat. O m\u0103sur\u0103 a rezolu\u021biei, 300 dpi fiind cerin\u021ba minim\u0103 pentru lucr\u0103rile de imprimare.
\nManechin - O machet\u0103 pentru a ilustra cum va ar\u0103ta articolul tip\u0103rit finit, folosind toate caracteristicile documentului final (cum ar fi culorile, dimensiunea \u0219i materialul de h\u00e2rtie).<\/p>\n

E<\/strong>
\nCerneal\u0103 ecologic\u0103 - cerneal\u0103 pe baz\u0103 de ulei vegetal f\u0103r\u0103 materiale toxice pentru mediu
\nEmboss - C\u00e2nd o imagine este presat\u0103 pe h\u00e2rtie, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t rezultatul final este c\u0103 este ridicat\u0103 deasupra suprafe\u021bei (opusul deboss-ului).<\/p>\n

F<\/strong>
\nFinisaj - Se poate referi la caracteristicile unui articol finit, de exemplu, finisaj mat. Alternativ, poate fi folosit ca termen pentru opera\u021biuni ulterioare presei, cum ar fi plierea sau t\u0103ierea.
\nFlyers<\/a> - Un document tip\u0103rit care serve\u0219te unei variet\u0103\u021bi de scopuri, inclusiv: lans\u0103ri promo\u021bionale, invita\u021bii, detalii de schimbare a adresei, precum \u0219i coresponden\u021b\u0103 direct\u0103.
\nFolie - Un tip de finisaj aplicat pe un document tip\u0103rit, de obicei pe anumite elemente specifice ale unui design, ajut\u00e2nd la atragerea aten\u021biei asupra acestor p\u0103r\u021bi.
\nDosare<\/a> - O bro\u0219ur\u0103 sau un pamflet care este de obicei confec\u021bionat din h\u00e2rtie\/carton mai gros \u0219i folosit pentru a p\u0103stra alte documente tip\u0103rite
\nPliere - Procesul de \u00eendoire a unui document astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t o parte s\u0103 apar\u0103 deasupra celeilalte \u0219i astfel s\u0103 se reduc\u0103 dimensiunea total\u0103.<\/p>\n

G<\/strong>
\nLuciu - Un tip de finisare care utilizeaz\u0103 o h\u00e2rtie acoperit\u0103 pentru a oferi o textur\u0103 lucioas\u0103 \u0219i neted\u0103 documentului tip\u0103rit.
\nGSM - M\u0103sur\u0103 pentru greutatea h\u00e2rtiei (grame pe metru p\u0103trat). Gsm depinde de tipul de imprimare, de exemplu, o carte de vizit\u0103 va avea de obicei 400 g\/m2, ceea ce reprezint\u0103 o greutate mai mare dec\u00e2t alte materiale tip\u0103rite, cum ar fi un antet, care poate fi de 100 g\/m2.<\/p>\n

H<\/strong>
\nHeidelberg - Un furnizor de top de ma\u0219ini de imprimare, care ofer\u0103 o gam\u0103 de ma\u0219ini de imprimare<\/p>\n

I<\/strong>
\nIllustrator<\/a> - Un pachet de software Adobe care este folosit pentru a edita tip\u0103rirea \u0219i designul de logo-uri, adesea folosit \u00eempreun\u0103 cu Photoshop.
\nInDesign<\/a> - Un pachet software Adobe care permite crearea \u0219i proiectarea de machete de pagin\u0103 \u0219i este adesea folosit pentru a crea afi\u0219e, pliante, flutura\u0219i \u0219i alte materiale tip\u0103rite.
\nImprimant\u0103 cu jet de cerneal\u0103 - Imprimant\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 plac\u0103 care transfer\u0103 imagini direct pe h\u00e2rtie prin pic\u0103turi de cerneal\u0103.
\nInser\u021bie - O bro\u0219ur\u0103 sau un alt material tip\u0103rit legat \u00eentr-o publica\u021bie tip\u0103rit\u0103 (cum ar fi o revist\u0103), mai degrab\u0103 dec\u00e2t \u00een vrac.<\/p>\n

J<\/strong>
\nNum\u0103r lucrare - Un num\u0103r unic atribuit fiec\u0103rei lucr\u0103ri de imprimare. Acest lucru permite urm\u0103rirea cu u\u0219urin\u021b\u0103 a lucr\u0103rii \u0219i, de asemenea, permite ca lucr\u0103rile vechi s\u0103 fie recuperate\/relucrate de c\u0103tre client.<\/p>\n

L<\/strong>
\nLaminat - Un strat de acoperire aplicat pe materialul de imprimare pentru a oferi protec\u021bie \u0219i un finisaj neted produsului finit.
\nH\u00e2rtie garantat\u0103 cu laser - H\u00e2rtie care a fost special conceput\u0103 pentru pretip\u0103rire litografic\u0103 \u0219i imprimare cu laser
\nImprimant\u0103 laser - Imprimant\u0103 care utilizeaz\u0103 acelea\u0219i principii ca \u0219i un fotocopiator, prin care un fascicul laser proiecteaz\u0103 o imagine pe suportul de imprimare.
\nPliante<\/a> - Un document tip\u0103rit care este adesea utilizat pentru a promova sau a face publicitate unui produs, serviciu sau eveniment. Pliantele sunt adesea distribuite printr-o varietate de canale de marketing, inclusiv prin inser\u021bii \u00een reviste \u0219i prin po\u0219t\u0103 direct\u0103.
\nAntete de scrisori<\/a> - Un titlu tip\u0103rit pe h\u00e2rtie de scris care include adesea numele, sigla \u0219i adresa firmei \u0219i poate fi imprimat pe o singur\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 sau pe dou\u0103 fe\u021be.
\nLitografie - O form\u0103 de imprimare \u00een care pl\u0103cile cu zone de imagine atrag cerneala \u0219i zonele f\u0103r\u0103 imagine resping cerneala.<\/p>\n

M<\/strong>
\nMat - Un finisaj f\u0103r\u0103 luciu pe un document tip\u0103rit<\/p>\n

O<\/strong>
\nOffset - O tehnic\u0103 de imprimare prin care cerneala este transferat\u0103 de pe o plac\u0103 pe o p\u0103tur\u0103 \u0219i apoi pe h\u00e2rtie (spre deosebire de direct pe h\u00e2rtie).
\nH\u00e2rtie offset - H\u00e2rtie care nu a fost acoperit\u0103 cu argil\u0103.<\/p>\n

P<\/strong>
\nPantone - Un sistem utilizat pentru a potrivi culorile \u00een cernelurile de imprimare.
\nPDF - \u00censeamn\u0103 Portable Document Format, creat de Adobe, un PDF capteaz\u0103 formatul, inclusiv textul, fontul, grafica \u0219i orice alte informa\u021bii necesare pentru a afi\u0219a fi\u0219ierul, indiferent de sistemul de operare, hardware-ul sau software-ul de aplica\u021bie utilizat pentru a-l vizualiza.
\nPhotoshop<\/a> - Un program de editare grafic\u0103 care permite editarea, redimensionarea \u0219i manipularea fotografiilor digitale \u00een func\u021bie de cerin\u021be.
\nPreg\u0103tirea pl\u0103cilor - Procesul de preg\u0103tire a unei pl\u0103ci de tipar sau a unui alt suport de imagine pentru pres\u0103.
\nPostere<\/a> - Un document tip\u0103rit de mari dimensiuni care con\u021bine de obicei imagini \u0219i text pentru a atrage aten\u021bia \u0219i a face publicitate unui eveniment sau produs.
\nLucr\u0103ri preg\u0103tite pentru imprimare - Lucr\u0103ri care con\u021bin toate elementele finale \u0219i care au fost supuse unor verific\u0103ri astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 fie gata pentru a fi tip\u0103rite.
\nDovada - Exemplu de prob\u0103 al unui document tip\u0103rit, folosit pentru a face ajust\u0103ri \u0219i corec\u021bii \u00eenainte de tip\u0103rirea final\u0103.
\nPulp\u0103 - Material fibros preparat prin separarea mecanic\u0103 sau chimic\u0103 a fibrelor din h\u00e2rtie, de obicei 400 g\/m2 sau 380 mm. A nu se confunda cu trupa rock britanic\u0103 Pulp.
\nPre-imprimare - Orice proces efectuat pe un produs \u00eenainte de a merge la tipar (fie litografic, fie digital).
\nImprimare procesat\u0103 - O metod\u0103 de imprimare care utilizeaz\u0103 patru pl\u0103ci (Cyan, Magenta, Galben \u0219i Cheie) care sunt aplicate pe materialul de imprimat una c\u00e2te una (cealalt\u0103 metod\u0103 de imprimare principal\u0103 este imprimarea punctual\u0103).<\/p>\n

Q<\/strong>
\nCod QR - Un tip special de cod de bare, care poate fi citit de camere speciale \u0219i de telefoane inteligente. Codul de bare con\u021bine informa\u021bii codificate, cum ar fi URL, text \u0219i alte informa\u021bii \u0219i poate fi afi\u0219at pe o serie de materiale tip\u0103rite, cum ar fi c\u0103r\u021bi de vizit\u0103, pliante \u0219i bannere.
\nQuarkXPress - O aplica\u021bie de calculator pentru crearea \u0219i editarea de machete complexe de pagini, considerat pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103 programul standard de machetare pentru industria tipografic\u0103.
\nOfert\u0103 - O estimare a costului pentru o anumit\u0103 lucrare, pentru a fi aprobat\u0103 de c\u0103tre client.<\/p>\n

R<\/strong>
\nReam - 500 de coli de h\u00e2rtie, a nu se confunda cu adjectivul inventat de Joey Essex \u00een popularul serial de televiziune The Only Way is Essex
\nReciclare - Procesul de transformare a materialelor uzate \u00eentr-un material nou pentru a r\u0103spunde problemelor de mediu.
\nRezolu\u021bie - Num\u0103rul de puncte pe inch (DPI) dintr-un document procesat pe calculator.
\nRIP (raster image processor) - Un computer utilizat pentru a crea o hart\u0103 electronic\u0103 de bi\u021bi pentru ie\u0219irea efectiv\u0103.<\/p>\n

S<\/strong>
\nCapsare cu sila\/graifiere\/graifiere cu sila - Metod\u0103 de legare a unui document prin capsarea pliului central.
\nSigiliu\/Sigiliu - Un desen \u00een relief \u00eentr-un document tip\u0103rit
\nCoasere lateral\u0103\/coasere prin capsare - Un mod de \u00eembinare a paginilor unui document prin capsarea foilor de-a lungul unei margini.
\nM\u0103tase - Un tip de carton utilizat \u00een tip\u0103rire care ofer\u0103 un finisaj neted articolului \u00een ansamblu.
\nO singur\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 - C\u00e2nd un document este tip\u0103rit doar pe o singur\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 (spre deosebire de fa\u021b\u0103-verso).
\nImprimare \u00een culori punctuale - Adesea utilizat\u0103 pentru lucr\u0103ri mai mici \u0219i mai precise, imprimarea punctual\u0103 utilizeaz\u0103 o singur\u0103 cerneal\u0103 (diferit\u0103) pentru fiecare culoare utilizat\u0103 (a se vedea imprimarea prin procesare pentru cealalt\u0103 metod\u0103 de imprimare utilizat\u0103).
\nSpot UV - Un finisaj aplicat pe anumite p\u0103r\u021bi ale materialelor tip\u0103rite (cum ar fi textul cheie de pe o carte de vizit\u0103) care ofer\u0103 un finisaj lucios \u0219i mai atr\u0103g\u0103tor pentru ochi.
\nAutocolante - O etichet\u0103 adeziv\u0103 care con\u021bine adesea informa\u021bii tip\u0103rite \u0219i poate fi utilizat\u0103 pe o varietate de materiale.
\nStocul - Tipul de h\u00e2rtie care urmeaz\u0103 s\u0103 fie utilizat pentru imprimare pe
\nEtichete Swing<\/a> - Un document tip\u0103rit care este adesea ata\u0219at la un alt articol pentru a ajuta la identificare \u0219i etichetare.<\/p>\n

T<\/strong>
\nTCF (Totally Chlorine Free) - H\u00e2rtie care a fost produs\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 niciun fel de clor sau care nu a fost \u00een\u0103lbit\u0103.
\n\u0218ablon - Un fi\u0219ier care serve\u0219te ca punct de plecare pentru un nou document, permi\u021b\u00e2nd altora s\u0103 copieze caracteristicile mai degrab\u0103 dec\u00e2t s\u0103 \u00eenceap\u0103 proiectarea \u0219i aspectul noului document de la zero.
\nTIFF - (Tagged Image File Format) Un format de fi\u0219ier grafic bitmap care gestioneaz\u0103 monocromia, scara de gri, culoarea pe 8 \u0219i 24 de bi\u021bi. Utilizat pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103 \u00een industria tipografic\u0103, deoarece permite personalizarea
\nTint - O nuan\u021b\u0103\/variant\u0103 de culoare
\nTimp de r\u0103spuns - Timpul necesar pentru ca un document tip\u0103rit s\u0103 fie procesat, de la trimiterea la articolul complet. Aici, la Solopress, ne m\u00e2ndrim cu faptul c\u0103 suntem o tipografie rapid\u0103, cu un termen de predare de 24 de ore.<\/p>\n

V<\/strong>
\nH\u00e2rtie virgin\u0103 - H\u00e2rtie fabricat\u0103 \u00een \u00eentregime din past\u0103 din copaci sau bumbac, spre deosebire de h\u00e2rtia reciclat\u0103.<\/p>\n

W<\/strong>
\nFiligran - Desen slab prezent \u00een unele forme de h\u00e2rtie, de obicei pentru a identifica produc\u0103torul, vizibil atunci c\u00e2nd h\u00e2rtia este \u021binut\u0103 \u00een lumin\u0103.<\/p>\n

Sper\u0103m c\u0103 to\u021bi termenii de care a\u021bi putea avea nevoie sunt enumera\u021bi mai sus, dar dac\u0103 nu sunte\u021bi sigur de ceva, nu ezita\u021bi s\u0103 suna\u021bi unul dintre consilierii no\u0219tri la num\u0103rul de telefon 01702 460047.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":21878,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[550],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-1090","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-print-industry-news"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nGlossary of Printing Terms | Solopress<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What is a Flyer? What's the difference between a Flyer and a Leaflet? Confused? 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